By now, you’re probably familiar with the basics of proper handwashing: use soap and water, scrub for at least 20 seconds, and don’t forget areas like your thumbs and under your fingernails. Avoid touching the faucet with clean hands and dry off with a fresh towel.

There’s a reason experts stress using soap and water—when done right, it’s the most effective way to remove all types of germs, including the virus responsible for COVID-19.

Make handwashing a regular habit, especially after being in public spaces, before eating or cooking, and after sneezing, coughing, or blowing your nose.

However, soap and a sink aren’t always available. In those cases, hand sanitizer is a practical backup—if used correctly.

How to Choose the Right Hand Sanitizer

With the COVID-19 pandemic prompting a surge in new sanitizer brands, it’s important to read labels carefully. Look for a product that contains at least 60% alcohol. Avoid any sanitizers containing methanol, which is toxic if absorbed through the skin. Some products claim to contain ethanol or ethyl alcohol but may actually contain methanol—check the FDA’s searchable list to be safe.

Also, note that the FDA has not approved any hand sanitizers, so avoid any product labeled as “FDA-approved.” Homemade versions aren’t recommended either—they can be ineffective or even harmful if not prepared properly.

Use the Right Amount

A common mistake is not using enough sanitizer. The World Health Organization suggests applying a coin-sized amount—enough to cover all surfaces of your hands, including between your fingers and the backs of your hands.

Apply It Properly

Rub the sanitizer into your hands for about 20 seconds, just as you would when washing with soap and water. Be sure to cover your thumbs and between your fingers. Let your hands air dry completely—don’t rinse or wipe off the gel.

Storing Your Hand Sanitizer

If you’re using hand sanitizer more frequently these days, keep in mind that it does expire. As it ages, the alcohol content can decrease, reducing its effectiveness. Toss expired bottles and replace them with new ones.

Store sanitizer in a cool, dry place away from sunlight and heat. When you’re done using it outside or in your car, bring it indoors rather than leaving it in the glove compartment, where heat can cause the alcohol to evaporate faster.

Stay Safe with Hand Sanitizer

To avoid skin irritation or accidental poisoning, follow these safety tips:

Stay away from open flames or heat sources immediately after use.

Don’t swallow hand sanitizer.

Keep it out of reach of children and supervise their use.

Avoid touching your eyes, nose, or mouth right after applying it.

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